Interdiction and Eradication of Drugs in the U.S Essay

Interdiction and Eradication of Drugs in the U.S - Essay Example The irony is that consumption of drugs has been on the increase, criminals are making more money from their annual turnover ranging from $ 400 to 500 billion. According to a confidential report from U.K. Government, only 20 percent out of 700 tons of Cocaine and 500 tons of Heroin illegally produced is being seized by enforcement forces. Supply being plentiful, prices are reported to be ruling low at $ 70 per gram today as against $ 184 in 1990. (Glenny 2007) This report is not alone. Similar observations. abound in the other Governmental reports and NGO studies Therefore the study gains significance in the wake of such reports to examine strengths and weaknesses of the Governments' policy initiatives towards interdiction and eradication of drugs. More so, because of opinions advocating legalizing the drugs besides the fact that policy initiatives focus on eradication of poppy cultivation without offering viable alternatives to the farmers concerned. The President rolls out National Drug Control Strategy for each year incorporating three key strategies namely (1) Stopping the Use before it Starts; (2) Intervening and Healing America's Drug Users; and, (3) Disrupting the Market. The Drug Budget for FY 2008 is $12.961 billion short of $0.167 billion from last year though it is compensated by additional request for $ 266 .1 million for emergency spending in Afghanistan.(National Drug Control Strategy). The Rand Report 2005 says that every year 16 million Americans forming 7 percent of the country’s population above the age of 12 consume about $60 billion worth of illegal drugs. And invariably the surveys on Americans have reveled that â€Å"drugs’† is one of the major ten problems of the country. ... (Caulkins P et al 2005 p 13) About 3 million drug consumers are affected by serious drug related problems and about 17,000 people have died due to problems illicit drug use in the year 2000 as against 20,000 in the year 1990. In 2003, 28,723 people have died for the same reason. (McVay) President's Drug Policy of Feb 2007 says that contrary to the reports in many quarters that drugs abuse has not been checked, performance records show a positive trend towards drugs control for the past six years ever since the present incumbent took office. As against the targeted reduction of drug abuse by 10 percent within 2 years and 25 percent within 5 years, administration claims to have achieved 11 percent and 23.2 percent respectively. And this was achieved by strategic benchmarking of each month's consumption. Figures beyond five years are even higher and in terms of number of youth who gave up drug use, it is 840,000. The lessons learnt during the last six years of the President's first of its kind National Drugs Control Strategy evidence that a sound policy can bring out results. Demotivating young users, identifying chronic consumers, maintaining vigil against steroid use for performance enhancement, and monitoring the use of other drugs such as Marijuana, Methamphetamin e, Amphetamine, pain relievers like OxyContin have been the features of the broad spectrum strategy of drugs control. Basically these will fall under the key elements of the above said prevention of drug use before its commencement by the potential users, intervention and healing of the people already on drugs, and disruption of the market for illegal drugs with the sole aim of reducing drugs consumption in the

Suitably qualified staff Essay Example for Free

Suitably qualified staff Essay Staffing to meet changing business demands Suitably qualified staff may be recruited or trained within the organisation to have the right level of skills when they first join the business. At XMA computers, they need to have enough staff to meet demand but not too many as they would be wasting money on their wages. They also need to pay for staff training and sick pay. During the holidays, such as Christmas, XMA need to hire more staff as retailers will want to buy more products for the sale season. Coordination of team resources to meet targets As well as making sure that individual employees are managed within the organisation, it is essential that resources are used effectively within terms to meet company targets that are set. At XMA all employees need to work together to make the business successful. The people receiving and sending out calls need to have good teamwork skills to work with those who organise and dispatch the orders. This helps the business become successful in taking and delivering orders on time. Monitoring of team performance Coordinating a team is likely to mean that a company knows what employees should be doing to work towards their targets; but it is also essential to monitor the teams performance to make sure that they are actually making progress.XMA need to keep track of employees progress and they have many ways of doing this. They mainly do it through appraisals. An appraisal is a meeting between an employee and his/her line manager. During this meeting they talk about the employees progress throughout their working time. This review can be done in two different ways: Formal and Informal. Liaison with other departments Large organisations may have hundreds of different teams working across the organisation and unless each is able to work with other departments and coordinate as a whole organisation there will be conflict or unsatisfactory performance. XMA need all their teams to work together so that the business is run smoothly without any problems. If the teams do not work together than the business may not be successful and details may be wrong. Establishment of professional culture Part of the management of human resources concerns teaching employees about how the business operates its professional culture; for example the level of formality it uses and the way that managers and staff deal with each other. XMA need to teach all employees about the way their business operates. Many employees call fellow colleagues by their first name but in some companies they prefer to be addressed by a title e.g. Mr, Mrs., Dr. Provision of appropriate incentives To manage human resources effectively managers may decide to use incentives to encourage employees to work harder or to produce work of a higher quality. At XMA, employees are given extra-pay if they can hit their daily phone targets or get higher. E.g. If an employee is given a target of 50 orders, and they get 70 orders, they may get and extra à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50 for their work. Encouragement of creativity and initiative Businesses that are able to change quickly and can be adaptable to customer needs are more likely to be successful. XMA need to be able to do this in order to be the number 1 distributor company in the UK. As they also have a website, they have international orders which will get them more profit.

Organ Donation Essay -- essays research papers

How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want?.............What if it was something you couldn’t live without?..........My cousin was five years old when he found out he needed a new kidney. He went on the organ waiting list right away. He was called twice during a six month span that they had a kidney wasn’t a good match. He had to wait again. The third time was a charm. A small adult was in an accident and his kidney was a good match. This story had a happy ending, but so many do not. One of the people on the waiting list for an organ transplant might be someone you know. Today I’d like to tell you about first, the need for organ donors in our area, second, how you can become an organ donor after you die, and finally, how your family and organ donor recipients benefit from your donation. People around the world, but also right here in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Illinois, need organ transplants, and they need our help. The problem is that there is a lack of organ donors who make organ transplantation possible. The need is many organs and tissues such as the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas, corneas, bone, skin, heart valves, and blood vessels. In spring 2004 the Official U.S. Government web site for organ donation states that, â€Å"A new name is added to the national waiting list every 16 minutes.† That means that 3 people will be added to the list during the time we are in class today. The problem is that 10 people will die each day waiting fo...

Correlation Between Student S Grades and-Social Networks Essay

Abstract Social networking sites (SNS) have created a new social dimension where individuals can develop increased levels of their social awareness and getting information in many more aspects of everyday lives. SNS help people to enhance their knowledge, which is very beneficial especially for students. However, some argue the use of SNS also entails negative effects that overrule the gains. This may be reflected on students’ grades. The main objective of this research is to analyse the relationship between student’s academic performance and use of SNS. The research was conducted through the use of online questionnaires. Excel and SPSS software were used to analyse the data collected. Findings from this study showed that there is a weak, negative relationship between these two variables. Chapter 1: Introduction There is no doubt that the global revolution of SNS has brought great changes to many aspects of everyday life. People use them to keep in touch with distant friends and relatives or to make new social and professional acquaintances. Whatever the reason behind this increased use, SNS have for many become a way of life. Especially for young people, SNS are the most innovative tools that enable them not only to contact other individuals, but most importantly to create a positive ‘self-image’ (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). At the same time, however, there is an increasing concern about the threats arising from the excessive use of SNS. Although there is prior research on how SNS affect people’s relationships, the literature on how they affect students’ academic performance is still in its infancy. The main objective of this research is to fill this gap in literature and examine how the use of SNS affects academic performance. Paper Structure This paper commences with a short review of prior literature on the topic where some information about the various SNS will be given. It will then continue to Chapter 3 where the methodology followed to approach the objective and gather the necessary data will be explained. Chapter 4 follows, where the collected data will be analysed using statistical analysis tests and findings will be reported. The paper will then finalise with some conclusions and recommendations given in Chapter 5. Chapter 2: Literature Review The section of literature review has a purpose to put this study into context with previous research on SNS providing some examples of such sites and students use of SNS. Finally, prior research on the relationship of SNS and academic performance will be examined. Definition and Examples of SNS Social networking sites have been defined as â€Å"an online community of Internet users who want to communicate with other users about areas of mutual interest† (William, 2009). Globally there are many SNS, but the most popular ones are the Facebook, Twitter, Google+ and LinkedIn. Facebook is the most widely used SNS with currently more than 1.2 billion users. It was created in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, with the initial intention for students in a certain college to keep in touch with each other. According to recent statistics, the average time a user spends on Facebook per month is 15 hours and 33 minutes. Twitter is a real-time communication platform where users are able to interact and build relationships with their network of contacts by posting and receiving messages. It started in 2006 as an experiment of short online announcements and it now has more than 555 million users. Google+ is a social networking platform created by the search engine giant, Google, in an attempt to outperform Facebook. It was launched in 2011 and it currently has around 500 million users. Google+ enables targeted sharing of information within certain subgroups of users’ contacts and the viewing, managing and editing of multimedia. LinkedIn is the professional social network launched in 2003. People join this network mainly to make professional connections and use them to build a career. Companies that are in search of qualified employees and job-hunters also use LinkedIn. The profile created by users is like a resume but with the option to include extensive information in each field. Use of SNS Statistics reveal that 98% of people aged between 18-24 are using some form of SNS. Apart from socialising and staying in touch with friends, people in those ages use SNS for a variety of other reasons. As in the age of 18 most people are going to be in higher education, there is evidence showing that students use those sites to research colleges and assist their decision on where to enrol (Tisley, 2012). They also use them during their university life to enable their communication with other students or even staff. According to Oradini and Saunders (2007), students can use SNS to initiate a discussion and decide what information they would like to share and with whom. Many universities have recently recognised this increased use of SNS and their ability to act as a platform of online learning and have therefore taken steps to incorporate them into their strategy. SNS and Academic Performance The term academic performance is used to measure the ‘success’ of a student in terms of their achievements and their ability to meet certain standards defined by the institution they are attending. Reference? It can be assumed that by having access to the latest information available, either through visiting companies’ and broadcasting profiles or through the exchange of useful information, students increase their awareness towards a better achievement of results. However, there is a contradiction of views relating to the use of SNS and their effect on students’ grades. While some studies show that there is no link between SNS and academic performance (Truong, 2010) others provide evidence that there is an adverse effect of SNS on students’ grades mainly due to the fact that too much time is spent on them, leaving limited time for studying. Chapter 3: Research Methodology In this chapter, a methodology for collecting the necessary information for the research will be defined. This will include a description of the method for collecting information and an explanation of why the methods chosen were the most suitable, providing reliability to the report. Research Approach Selecting the right research approach is fundamental in order to answer the questions that were presented successfully. In this study, the researchers carried out scientific research and aimed to develop a hypothesis, which was then tested and examined to establish a theory. Therefore, a deductive research approach was considered to be most suitable (Hussey and Hussey, 1997). According to Robson (2002), the researchers had to deduct hypotheses from theory and then express them in operational terms, proposing a relationship between two variables. The objectives this research had led to the following hypothesis: Hypothesis: There is a relationship between the use of SNS and students’ academic performance. Therefore the Null Hypothesis is: There is no relationship between the use of SNS and students’ academic performance. This hypothesis was chosen as prior literature focused exclusively on the effect of the use of Facebook on academic performance and not the use of SNS in general. Time horizon This research is cross-sectional study, as the data collection methods were designed to â€Å"gather data at a particular point in time with the intention of describing the nature of existing conditions† (Cohen, Manion and Morrison, 1994). This approach was a suitable method to use given the limited time that was available to undertake the research. Data collection Methods The research was conducted through the use of online questionnaires. They were distributed to students via email from December 2012 to January 2013, a research period that is â€Å"distinct and discrete phase of the investigation† (Johnson, 2004). Respondents were informed that all material they provided would remain confidential while anonymity was promised. A briefing statement (See Appendix I) informed participants as to the purpose of the research and the extent of confidentiality. The full list of questions can be found in Appendix II. Data analysis methods Quantitative data was analysed using the SPSS analysis software, where correlation was used to examine the existence of a relationship between the variables and regression analysis to assess the strength of those relationships. In order to carry out regression statistics, it was essential to distinguish the factors between the dependent variable (y) and the independent variables (x). Since the purpose of this analysis was to discover the extent to which academic performance is dependent on changes in the variables investigated, academic performance was identified as the dependent variable while hours spent on homework, social networking sites, playing games and surfing on the internet were defined as the independent variables. It should be noted here that academic performance is defined using the latest available grades of the participants. This led to the following model being developed: Academic Performance = b0 + b1Hours spent studying + b2Hours spent on social networks +b3Hours spent on other activities The data was analysed by bivariate correlation and linear regression. Once this technique was completed, each variable was analysed explicitly in order to assess individual relationships and test the hypothesis by stressing the most noteworthy relationship between independent and dependent variable. Validity & Reliability In order for the research to be useful, actions had to be taken to safeguard the validity and reliability of results. According to Joppe (2000), the extent to which results are reliable depends on how consistent they are over time and whether identical results can be acquired if the investigation is repeated. Validity is concerned with whether the findings are what they appear to be and whether a relationship between two variables is merely a coincidence. There are many threats to reliability and validity. The subject error and participant bias are threats to reliability (Saunders et al., 2009) that can be tackled by carefully selecting the right research population. Mortality is a threat to validity, since it would result to a very small sample size that would be unable to determine whether relationships between variables were simply casual. In enhancing the validity and reliability, the research was conducted at the University of Southampton and the questionnaires were handed both to undergraduate and postgraduate students in various programs. Also, a pilot questionnaire was conducted with 10 students to complete that provided feedback. Chapter 4: Results & Analysis The purpose of this section is to present the findings of this study, which will be critically evaluated to identify their reliability. Implications will be acknowledged. Descriptive Statistics In total 303 responses were collected by students of the University of Southampton. Out of the total number of participants, 8 abandoned the survey without saving it so only 275 responses were used. The demographics of the sample are summarized in the figures below. The sample consisted of 149 males and 126 females (See Figure 1) and most participants (n= 193) aged between 21-24 (See Figure 2). Figure [ 1 ] – Participants’ Gender Figure [ 2 ] – Participants Age Out of the total sample, only 5 participants were not part of a SNS where as the rest 270 participants had a profile on either one or multiple SNS. Out of those who were part of an SNS, the majority of participants (n= 273) had a profile on Facebook (See Figure 3). Also, most of the participants (n=234) have been using SNS for more than 3 years (See Figure 4). Figure 3 – Number of Participants; profiles on SNS Figure 4 – Time period participants use SNS When asked about the reasons participants use SNS, many corresponded to keep in touch with their family and friends (n=108) whereas a significant amount of them (n=70) replied to keep updated on current affairs (See Figure 5). Figure 5 – Reasons for using SNS In relation to the academic performance of participants, most of them (n=76) study between 1-4 hours (See Figure 6) with 50 of them managing to get grades between 70-100 (See Figure 7). The average grade the participants received is 68. Figure 6 – Participants’ Time allocation on an Average Day Figure 7 – Participants’ Grades Data Analysis It is now necessary to relate these findings back to the initial hypothesis. We use correlation analysis in order to examine the relationship between two variables. Pearson’s r statistic is the one, which will determine if there is any relationship between our variables. As it can be seen from the table above, the Pearson’s r for the correlation between the ‘Hours spent on doing homework’ and the ‘Hours spent using SNS’ is -0.117, which is relatively close to 0. This means that there is a negative relationship between those variables, indicated by the negative sign, and as the one variable increases in value, the second variable decreases in value. However, since this valued is very close to 0, this is a week relationship and it is unlikely that changes in one variable are correlated with changes in the other. Observing the Sig. (2-tailed) value we can determine the significance of the relationship. If that value is less or equal to 0.05, we can conclude that there is statistically significant correlation between the hours spent on homework and the social network use. Here the value (0.052) is extremely close to the benchmark so the relationship is statistically significant.

The Representation of Masculinity in George Eliot’s ‘Silas Marner’

Silas Marner, A Tale of Two Cities. Essay subject: Silas Marner and maleness 1. – Introduction. This essay is about the building and representation of Silas’s maleness ( including some inquiries proposed in the essay subjects on the practical campus that I found interesting ) . I saw things that can do him look more like a adult female but it is non necessary or required to understand this affair in this manner ; I wanted to happen his good-will non as a failing or a adult female issue but as strong manner of demoing tenderness, because I think there is nil stronger that absolute tenderness and nil more stamp that true strength and I see Silas as a really strong individual – composure but strong. The chief subjects here are his isolation, the gender issue, and eventually how feasible or non-viable his manhood is. In the decision I have included some facets more related to Silas’s life. 2. – Silas’s isolation. About his household, it is merely mentioned in the book that he had a female parent and a small sister, both of them named Hepziba, but his sister was called Eppie, which is why he chooses this name for his adoptive girl. His period of isolation starts in Raveloe when he sends their neighbors off with a turning annoyance ( It started when he helped Sally Oats and after that he became person like the official herbal physician of the vicinity ) . From this minute on he spends his yearss working 16 hours a twenty-four hours and contemplating his gold every dark. He is like a anchorite merely concentrated on gaining money. It wasn’t ever like this. At first when he lived in Lantern Yard he was a sociable adult male who interacted with society, he lived a normal life, and was engaged to get married a adult female named Sarah. He besides had a friend, William Dane, and so both of them betrayed him. But at the minute he is an entity separated from the community, – self-sufficient. 3. – Silas in gender footings. What’s incorrect with Silas before the loss of his gold? This point has a connexion with Silas’s isolation as discussed in the old subdivision. He is considered an castaway by the community: at foremost he is described like a â€Å"spider† or a â€Å"spinning-insect† . This has no relationship with the issue of maleness but instead with the issue of humanity: through this description he is portrayed more as an insect than as a adult male, – this is a manner of dehumanising him. When he loses his gold he is obligated to travel and pass on it to the governments. At first, when he arrived, people thought he was a shade, is of import to advert that Silas’s visual aspect is a spot unusual, he shows a physical impairment, he has marks of aging and unwellness, and he is described as an old adult male. And as I commented antecedently, he was an stray anchorite obsessed with his gold, look up toing it every dark, and his universe is reduced to his work and his coins. This is the debatable that is established befor e the loss of his gold. – Why non allow him weave and bask his money until he’s excessively old to maintain on weaving? – Why pull this out for so long? In my sentiment, the thought I get from the book is that Silas earned more money on Raveloe than in Lantern Yard ( where he has to pay some money to the church ) and he saw this fact, after which began his compulsion and he lived like this for 16 old ages. And he could hold lived on this manner until his decease but when Eppie came to his place it brought about a alteration in his whole life. I think he draws it out because work and money becomes the Centre of his life ; he lives merely for work and to look up to his gold. 4. – Silas’s maleness in a feasible manner. – Is this one sort of maleness or maleness in general? I think this is one sort of maleness because non all work forces have a state of affairs like Silas’s. Other male characters like the Cass brothers have a masculine function and are seen more like a work forces than Silas is. I see this as a feasible manner because I believe that Silas is wholly masculine even if there are things that show him with a deficiency of manhood. I’ll start with the â€Å"negative† points against his maleness. Get downing with his business, it was established that whirling and weaving had a gender division and that it was a female undertaking, in this point, I don’t think that this occupation defines his maleness, – he is a adult male and here the lone of import thing is that he has an business and he is working to back up himself. In add-on, Silas’s behavior is interesting on a mental degree. I see his capacity for self-denial a masculine accomplishment excessively ; it is a feature of a great adult male. For illustration, when William and Sarah betrayed him, he knew it and acted softly and did nil ; merely travel on with his life. Another manner of demoing self-denial is in his isolation, and his high grade of reason. He has been injured, accused of robbery, abandoned by his fiancee, rejected by the community merely because he did non desire to be an ONG and after that he has the reason to do a determination. After that it is normal that he wishes to be entirely working and gaining money. And eventually, even if he is portrayed as an insect or a weak adult male, in an effort to decrease his maleness the capacity that he finds for being a male parent, a female parent and a defender of small Eppie is extremely admirable without inquiry. By holding adequate cognition for autonomy, to me he is a unafraid adult male who knows what he wants and merely acquires and achieves it. In add-on I’d like to state that doing his place more comfy for the kid, adorning it, – a â€Å"nest† for her- , is the sweetness manner in which a adult male can demo how capable of being stamp is. Fixing his place for Eppie’s demands is something to be expected from a really masculine adult male. In his ain manner, he did what every adult male must make: work, back up a family, have a household and protect his household ( harmonizing to this nineteenth-century period, – presents it is different, as adult females can make this alone excessively ) . And he did it ; h e is wholly a adult male. 5. – Decision. We have seen Silas’s journey, – non a physical journey, but throughout his life. At first he has a normal life, he subsequently becomes an castaway obsessed with gold and after Eppie’s reaching he undergoes a sort of societal rehabilitation into an ordinary member of the community. After run intoing the kid he wholly changes his function inside the vicinity, every topographic point or place he visits for work he must sit and speak with people about the kid. Through her his life alterations and he becomes another adult male. We see his domestic, societal and paternal side and how he achieves the function of maleness in the 19th century ; non precisely as it was imposed, but by in his ain manner. Through the acceptance of the kid we see Silas carry throughing both – a male and female function, because he is wholly devoted to the small miss, and how he passes from a wholly stray life to happening significance in all the things around him. In Eppie he finds a ground to populate, a household that was denied him ( his female parent and small sister died, and we do non cognize about his male parent ) , the comfort of being love unfeignedly by person, of being needed, and of being a male parent, and there is no minute, in my sentiment, where his maleness could be misunderstood. We can besides see, through the acceptance the morality and duty that Silas is prepared to presume paternity, which is excessively a masculine feature, it is necessary to stress that the responsibilities that Silas accepts are those that Godfrey Cass, Eppie’s biological male parent has no morality or duty to presume. Throughout the book there is no minute when I feel Silas is non accomplishing the function of a adult male. I merely felt esteem even if didn’t have obvious masculine features such as physical visual aspect of a strong and wealth adult male like Godfrey Cass. Even when he grows old he still has this powerful visual aspect that Silas, in contrast does non. Godfrey does non hold to work because he was inherited from his male parent and Silas worked as an independent adult male. This was a paradigm of industrial manhood and a new ideal for work forces. To complete, another point that I found interesting is that Silas didn’t want to accomplish the ideals of the perfect adult male harmonizing to society but he ended up making so, though his virtuous nature, his generous bosom, his bravery. By following the kid he was non merely taking on a duty but he was taking on the duty of another adult male. Bibliography.Silas Marner, A Tale of Two Cities. George Eliot.Silas Marner in Wikipedia the free encyclopedia.Silas Marner survey usher and literature.Virtual Campus.Class hand-outs.

Black Death

A common misconception held by many is that there was only one single outbreak of Black Death. Unfortunately, the worst effect Black Death had was its capability of reoccurring again, and again, and again. In some cases it was able to spread through out all of Europe. Yet, the first outbreak of Black Death was the widest spread and the most devastating of them all. In late October of 1347 the Genoese fleet entered the harbor of Messina. All crew men were either dead or on the verge of death. The sickness was clinging to their very bones(Gottfried1). Upon arrival at Messina Harbor the Harbor Master enforced a strict quarantine on the crew, fearing anyone who only spoke to them would be seized by a mortal illness and in no manor could evade death. The infection would spread to everyone who had any contact with the diseased (Knox4). This was one of the first accounts of the plague. Unbeknownst to many at the time, human to human contact was not the primary factor aiding the spread of the plague. Fleas and rats were. In as little as six months of the fleets arrival in the harbor half of the surrounding population had either died or fled from the plague. This outbreak was one of thousands of what present day cultural has come to know as Black Death. The original origin of Black Death is not known. In the late 1320s Black Death appeared in the Gobi Desert. Yet the virus causing the disease was alive long before then . The spread of the plague and its approach to Europe can be tracked along the lower Volga river in 1345. It then traveled into The Caucasus by 1346, reaching Constatinople by 1347. By the year 1348 thousands of people a day were dying in Alexandria. What exactly is a plague? Websters dictionary defines a plague as any deadly epidemic or disease. Yet, there are three varieties of plague: pneumonic, seoticaemic and, bubonic. The Black Death is class...

Prison term policy Essays

Prison term policy Essays Prison term policy Essay Prison term policy Essay Prison Term Policy Recommendation Proposal September 9, 2013 Armed robbery is a serious crime that can put many people in harms way. Whether a person is robbing a place of business or an individual, they are committing a crime against society and robbing people of their sense of safety and security. When someone chooses to bring a weapon while they are committing a crime, their intentions are to intimidate and control their victims, or to injure them. Policymakers continuously work on bills that try to deter people from committing rimes and reduce the recidivism rate of offenders. When a person decides to commit a crime such as armed robbery, there is a level of free will involved. Most of the time a person is not forced into committing a robbery, but chooses to be involved with the incentive of financial gain. There are many people in society that struggle to make ends meet and work tirelessly to provide for their families. There are choices to be made when people find themselves in these situations. Right and wrong are inherent in the nature of things. (University of Phoenix, (201 1), p. 1). Armed robbery would fit in the category of being considered wrong, no matter what the circumstances involved are. (University of Phoenix, (2011)). The part of this type of crime that may not be associated with free will, is the rationale behind it or ability to make rational choices. Sometimes a person chooses to commit a crime early on in t heir life and studies have shown that the part of a young persons brain that controls impulsively, has not yet had a chance to fully develop. Yet criminologist psychological search shows that, Problem children are likely to become problem should be given special consideration during their process of facing the Juvenile justice system. There is no clear cut answer that has proven to be successful in regards to young offenders. The questions remain: Is it better to give them a shorter length sentence to give them the opportunity to rehabilitate as they become young adults? Or, due to research that shows they are more likely to commit crimes as adults, Is it a better option to keep them in institutes for a longer period of time to rotten the general public? This factor, along with many other contributing factors, is taken into account by the Judge while they are determining the sentencing of individuals. A bill that will be presented to the state legislature asks that the maximum prison term for anyone convicted of armed robbery be doubled. As a criminologist advisor, my recommendation would be to vote for this bill that is being considered. I have considered that pros and cons of the bill and feel that the positive affects of the bill outweigh the negative. Publicizing the punishment involved in a rime such as armed robbery, may deter people from being involved in this type of violent act. Increasing the maximum sentence for violent, weapon involved crimes can keep citizens that choose to follow the law safe from people who choose not to. There have been numerous theories developed on why people choose to break the law, but the bottom line is that they do and they must face the consequences for their decisions. The psychological elements that play a role in why a person decides to commit a crime are important in the area of deterrence. Adding mandatory years o the sentence for committing a crime such as armed robbery, may be a positive attribute to the prevention of future crimes of this kind. Psychologically, a person considering a life of crime might be convinced not to if they understand the extensive punishment they face if they do. (Schmeltzer, (2012), p. 143). Being involved with Community-based programs is sometimes part of the sentence imposed by a Judge. Many times these types of programs involve intensive therapy, Job-skill training and substance abuse counseling. These are positive options that may be encouraging ND helpful to offenders who most likely need assistance in one or all of these areas. If there was a way to incorporate these services into the institutions that inmates were serving their sentence in, this would be ideal. Punishment for crimes committed is a necessary part of the checks and balances process but adding services that can assist offenders in becoming productive members of society one day, is helpful. As a criminologist advisor, I do believe that the bill doubling the maximum prison term for anyone convicted of armed robbery should be supported.